How important is cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a fat-like substance, which we part with the food in our bodies absorb, to another part of our body makes cholesterol in the liver forth. Cholesterol is vital, because it is used to produce cell walls of bile acids, vitamin D and the production of hormones and cortisol. Every day is about 1 - 2 grams of cholesterol in our body produces. This quantity is sufficient for the physical operations. Cholesterol is heard only when it is present in high concentration.

Causes:

For an increase in cholesterol levels may be responsible for malnutrition (too much, too fat, bad food), often associated with too little movement or an inherited metabolic disorder.

Elevated cholesterol in the blood in addition to the increase of triglycerides (fatty substances) and other risk factors, a major risk factor for the emergence of the arteries (arteriosclerosis, see below).
Fats such as cholesterol, are bound to protein in the bloodstream (fat-transporting proteins are called lipoproteins).

The dietary fats are eaten on the small bowel mucosa and the lymph into the blood vessel brought. They are free fatty acids for energy delivered to the tissues. The remainder is transported to the liver and processed there. There are various, sometimes complex metabolic pathways. It plays the LDL ( “bad” cholesterol) plays an important role. It is approximately 80% of the liver and other tissues, and further processed. The remaining 20% being held by scavenger cells and muscle cells. When fat overload this proportion rises significantly, as do the underlying cells and lead to some of the processes that we already have described the arteries.
The LDL fraction is today with the vascular lesions responsible.

HDL ( “good” cholesterol) is capable of free cholesterol in the bodies and thereby lowers the cholesterol level in blood. HDL also seems to stabilize the plaques and inflammatory processes within the plaques to be frustrated.

Approximately 60% of the increase in cholesterol and related disorders are hereditary, the rest is purchased. There are currently 5 types of cholesterol and fat metabolism disorders, and certain inherited cholesterol and lipid metabolism disorders in childhood felt, leading to a circulatory disorder of the heart early in life may lead.

Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels

The aim is to make the fat in the blood to reduce to prevent atherosclerotic vascular disease.
It plays with the right diet preferences of free fatty acids and avoid hydrogenated fats play a significant role.

You should move regularly. Among physical activity reduces total cholesterol levels by about 1 / 3 -? value, with statins can be achieved. Other risk factors such as diabetes, smoking, high blood pressure should also be avoided or treated.

Even these measures may increase the risk significantly reduced. By moving, for example increases of HDL - the proportion and leads to a more favorable ratio.With hormones, antioxidants, vitamins or DHEAS has no effect as yet be demonstrated, no negative.

Scientific findings have shown that LDL-cholesterol levels only for the prediction of cardiovascular disease is appropriate. This is probably because of the different fat / protein content.The size and density of LDL - particles is determined by the number of cholesterol molecules, which are transported.

Large, light LDL - particles contain more cholesterol molecules as small, dense LDL.
It is now considered safe, that small, dense LDL greater risk factors for arteriosclerosis are.
These shares may, in special investigations can be determined.The overwhelming proportion of people have mostly large, light LDL. Approx. 20-30% of the population has increasingly dense, small LDL.

With a blood sugar disorder increases the proportion of small, dense LDL . Similarly, lack of physical activity and a low-fat, carbohydrate-rich diet with appropriate treatment the formation of small, dense LDL proliferate.Even with dialysis requirement increases in small LDL.

Through physical activity alone can the effect of carbohydrate-rich diet and increased formation of small LDL in patients assessed accordingly mitigated or prevented.Due to increased physical activity reduces the risk of heart attack is already around 30%.To have a positive benefit of physical training to achieve should be approximately 1000 kcal per week through exercise will be consumed, with a training session in the green area (aerobic) is important.
Regardless of total cholesterol may be through a special blood test, the individual risk of developing arteriosclerosis, estimated to be significantly better.

Note for an increased risk of atherosclerosis may also be an elevated homocysteine - Mirror, which in the degradation of protein occurs when the body is a deficiency of vitamin B and folic acid has. The mirror can be achieved by taking vitamin B and folic acid lower. To suggest, however, is a treatment currently available only for healthy people who have not yet suffered a heart attack, since a recently published study of non-profit infarction treated patients showed, but at a slightly increased risk of colon cancer led.